
Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is a Palestinian-born American animator and filmmaker. In the 1970s, he established an alternative to mainstream animation through independent and adult-oriented productions. Between 1972 and 1992, he directed nine theatrically released feature films, five of which he wrote. He has been involved in numerous television projects as director, writer, producer and animator. Beginning his career at the Terrytoons television cartoon studio as a cel polisher, Bakshi was eventually promoted to director. He moved to the animation division of Paramount Pictures in 1967 and started his own studio, Bakshi Productions, in 1968. Through producer Steve Krantz, Bakshi made his debut feature film, Fritz the Cat, released in 1972. It was the first animated film to receive an X rating from the Motion Picture Association of America, and the most successful independent animated feature of all time. Over the next eleven years, Bakshi directed seven additional animated features. He is well known for his fantasy films, which include Wizards (1977), The Lord of the Rings (1978) and Fire and Ice (1983). In 1987, Bakshi returned to television work, producing the series Mighty Mouse: The New Adventures, which ran for two years before it was canceled due to complaints from a conservative political group over perceived drug references. After a nine-year hiatus from feature films, he directed Cool World (1992), which was largely rewritten during production and received poor reviews. Bakshi returned to television with the live-action film Cool and the Crazy (1994) and the anthology series Spicy City (1997). He founded the Bakshi School of Animation and Cartooning in 2003. During the 2000s, he has focused largely on painting. He has received several awards for his work, including the 1980 Golden Gryphon for The Lord of the Rings at the Giffoni Film Festival, the 1988 Annie Award for Distinguished Contribution to the Art of Animation, and the 2003 Maverick Tribute Award at the Cinequest Film Festival.

スパイダーマン

Rebel Highway

What a Cartoon!

Scuba Duba Do

American Pop

Fire and Ice

指輪物語

Malcom and Melvin

American Playhouse

Heavy Traffic

The Butter Battle Book

Fritz the Cat

ウィザーズ

Coonskin

The Fuz

Babe, He Calls Me

Marvin Digs

クール・ワールド

Hey Good Lookin'

Last Days of Coney Island

Spicy City

This Ain't Bebop

Imagining America

Cool and the Crazy

Christmas in Tattertown

The Cigarette and the Weed

Hound Town

The Opera Caper

The Third Musketeer

Fancy Plants

The Monster Master

Midwest

Don't Spill the Beans

Gadmouse: The Apprentice Good Fairy

Dr. Ha-Ha

Mini-Squirts

Dress Reversal

Mouse Trek

Trickle Dickle Down

Baron Von Go-Go

Traffic Trouble